ЕКОНОМСКЕ ОДРЕДБЕ ВЕРСАЈСКОГ МИРОВНОГ УГОВОРА: ПРЕИСПИТИВАЊЕ НАКОН ЈЕДНОГ ВЕКА
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https://doi.org/10.51204/Novi_Arhiv_PFUB_21105AКључне речи:
Версајски мировни уговор, Немачка, Репарације, Националсоцијализам, Велика депресијаСажетак
Репарације наметнуте Немачкој економским одредбама Версајског мировног уговора нису, насупрот увреженом мишљењу, уназадиле немачку привреду. Оне је нису увеле у зачарани круг кризе и назадовања, па стога успон националсоцијализма и долазак Адолфа Хитлера на власт нису резултат тих одредаба. Напротив, у првој деценији по закључивању Версајског мировног уговора Немачка је привредно напредовала, са завидно високим стопама привредног раста. У истој тој деценији, првој постверсајској, будући националсоцијалистички владари Немачке придобили су занемарљив део бирачког тела, а остварило се и немачко-француско приближавање. Преокрет на немачкој политичкој сцени донела је Велика депресија, која, међутим, ни на који начин не може да се повеже са Версајским мировним уговором. Сходно томе, заблуда је да је садржај тог уговора, пре свега његове економске одредбе, неизбежно довео до Другог светског рата. Ограничења Версајског мировног уговора у погледу обезбеђивања трајног мира у Европи треба сагледати у контексту краја Првог светског рата, завршеног примирјем, а не немачком капитулацијом. Тек су безусловна немачка капитулација и пуна окупација земље после Другог светског рата, уз растакање немачког милитаризма, створиле основе политичке стабилности и трајног мира у Европи.
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