Složena uloga dece u oružanim sukobima: međunarodnopravna zaštita i sudska praksa Međunarodnog krivičnog suda
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5937/crimen2601072S%20Ključne reči:
deca vojnici, međunarodno humanitarno pravo, slučaj Lubanga, slučaj Ongwen, Međunarodni krivični sudApstrakt
Oružani sukobi predstavljaju odstupanje od uobičajenog stanja u državama i utiču na svaki segment života. Prva asocijacija na oružane sukobe je nasilje – kako međusobno nasilje izme đu članova zaraćenih strana, tako i nasilje nad ranjivim kategorijama ljudi koje ne učestvuju u oružanim sukobima. Deca spadaju u jednu od ovih ranjivih kategorija jer, zbog svog uzrasta, nisu u stanju da se brinu o sebi. Iako pravila međunarodnog humanitarnog prava, međuna rodnog prava ljudskih prava i međunarodnog krivičnog prava pružaju posebnu zaštitu deci, u praksi takva zaštita je često nedovoljna ili izostaje. Zbog toga je bilo neophodno preduzeti određene dodatne korake kako bi se obezbedila adekvatnija zaštita dece u oružanim sukobi ma, što je dovelo do toga da se ovo pitanje razmatra pred Međunarodnim krivičnim sudom. U ovom radu, autorka nastoji da predstavi pojam dece u oružanim sukobima, kako bi bolje objasnila pravila međunarodnog prava koja se odnose na zaštitu dece u sukobima i zašto je ta zaštita neophodna. Glavni fokus rada je na problemu regrutovanja i uključivanja dece mlađe od 15 godina u oružane sukobe, kao i na analizi dve presude Međunarodnog krivičnog suda koje su ove radnje definisale kao ratne zločine – slučajevi Lubanga i Ongwen.
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