Ilegalne migracije iz Eritreje i uloga krijumčarenja ljudi

Autori

  • Džozef Vitl John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • Georgios A. Antonopulos Nortumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
  • Anđelija Kovačević

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5937/crimen2201014W

Ključne reči:

ilegalne migracije; Eritreja; Evropa; organizovani kriminalitet; trgovina ljudima

Apstrakt

Autori razmatraju ilegalne migracije Eritrejaca u evropske zemlje čineći deo "migrantske krize" koja je izazvala ozbiljnu zabrinutost pre svega u mediteranskim zemljama. Kao jedno od rešenja uloženi su politički napori i obećana znatna finansijska sredstva, uz zanemarivanje pokretača ilegalnih migracija velikog broja ljudi. Jedan od stavova koji se provlači kroz čitav rad je potreba da se proveri da li postoji veza krijumčara i kriminalaca na šta ukazuju zapadnjačka percepcija i paradigma. Drugim rečima, autori su nastojali da utvrde da li u slučaju ilegalnih migranata iz Eritreje postoji znak jednakosti između njihovog kretanja i organizovanog kriminaliteta odnosno trgovine ljudima.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Reference

Andersson, R. 2016. "Europe’s Failed ‘Fight’ Against Irregular Migration: Ethnographic Notes on a Counterproductive Industry." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 42 (7): 1055–1075. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2016.1139446

Antonopoulos, G. A., and Papanicolaou, G. 2018. Organised Crime: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198795544.001.0001

Antonopoulos, G. A., and Winterdyk, J. A. 2006. "The Smuggling of Migrants in Greece: An Examination of Its Social Organisation." European Journal of Criminology 3 (4): 439–461. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370806067912

Antonopoulos, G. A., Di Nicola, A., Rusev, A., and Terenghi, F. 2019. Human Trafficking Finances: Evidence from Three European Countries. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17809-3

Baerwaldt, N. 2018. "The European Refugee Crisis: Crisis for Whom?" Border Criminologies Blog. Accessed March 2018. https://www.law.ox.ac.uk/research-subject-groups/centre-criminology/centre-border-criminologies/blog/2018/03/european-refugee.

Belloni, M. 2016. "Refugees as Gamblers: Eritreans Seeking to Migrate Through Italy." Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies 14 (1): 104–119. https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2015.1060375

Brachet, J. 2018. "Manufacturing Smugglers: From Irregular to Clandestine Mobility in the Sahara." The Annals: The American Academy of Political and Social Science 676 (1): 16–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217744529

Campana, P. 2017. "Out of Africa: The Organization of Migrant Smuggling Across the Mediterranean." European Journal of Criminology 15 (4): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370817749179

Chin, K. L. 1999. Smuggled Chinese: Clandestine Immigration to the United States. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Galindo, G., and Salvini. 2019. "Italy to Spend ‘At Least €1 Billion’ in North Africa." Politico. Accessed 2019. https://www.politico.eu/article/matteo-salvini-italy-migration-to-spend-at-least-e1-billion-in-north-africa/.

Hobbs, D., and Antonopoulos, G. A. 2014. "How to Research Organised Crime." In The Oxford Handbook of Organised Crime, edited by L. Paoli, 96–117. New York: Oxford University Press.

Koser, K. 2008. "Why Migrant Smuggling Pays." International Migration 46 (2): 3–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2008.00442.x

Mahler, S. 1995. American Dreaming: Immigrants Life in the Margins. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Majidi, N. 2018. "Community Dimensions of Smuggling." The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 676: 97–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217751895

Mengiste, T. A. 2018. "Refugee Protections from Below: Smuggling in the Eritrea-Ethiopia Context." The Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science 676 (1): 57–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217743944

Poole, A. 2013. "Ransoms, Remittances, Refugees: The Gatekeeper State in Eritrea." Africa Today 60 (2): 67–82. https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.60.2.67

Sanchez, G. 2017. "Critical Perspectives on Clandestine Migration Facilitation: An Overview of Migrant Smuggling Research." Journal on Migration and Human Security 5 (1): 9–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/233150241700500102

Siegel, D. 2019. "Human Smuggling Reconsidered: The Case of Lesbos." In Constructing and Organising Crime in Europe, edited by P. C. van Duyne, A. Serdyuk, G. A. Antonopoulos, J. Harvey, and K. von Lampe, 105–123. The Hague: Eleven International Publishing.

Slack, J., and Martinez, J. 2018. "What Makes a Good Human Smuggler? The Differences Between Satisfaction with and Recommendation of Coyotes on the U.S.–Mexico Border." The Annals: The American Academy of Political and Social Science 676 (1): 152–173. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217750562

Sladkova, J. 2016. "Stratification of Undocumented Migrant Journeys: Honduran Case." International Migration 54 (1): 84–99. https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12141

Strange, M., and Martins, B. N. 2019. "Claiming Parity Between Unequal Partners: How African Counterparts Are Framed in the Externalisation of EU Migration Governance." Global Affairs 5 (3): 234–246. https://doi.org/10.1080/23340460.2019.1691932

Tinti, P., and Reitano, T. 2016. Migrant, Refugee, Smuggler, Saviour. London: Hurst Publishing.

Walker, S. 2018. "Hungarian Leader Says Europe Is Now ‘Under Invasion’ by Migrants." The Guardian, March 15.

Weitzer, R. 2014. "New Directions in Research on Human Trafficking." The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 653 (1): 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716214521562

Whittle, J. 2019. "Snakehead: To What Extent Are Chinese Organised Crime Groups Involved in Human Smuggling from China to the United Kingdom?" PhD thesis (unpublished), Liverpool John Moores University.

Zanker, F. 2019. "Managing or Restricting Movement? Diverging Approaches of African and European Migration Governance." Comparative Migration Studies 7 (17). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-019-0115-9

Zhang, S. 2008. Chinese Human Smuggling Organizations: Families, Social Networks, and Cultural Imperatives. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Zhang, S., Sanchez, G. E., and Achilli, L. 2018. "Crimes of Solidarity in Mobility: Alternative Views on Migrant Smuggling." The Annals: The American Academy of Political and Social Science 676 (1): 6–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217746908

Downloads

Objavljeno

11.06.2022

Kako citirati

Vitl, Džozef, Georgios Antonopulos, и Anđelija Kovačević. 2022. „Ilegalne Migracije Iz Eritreje I Uloga krijumčarenja Ljudi“. Crimen 13 (1):14-27. https://doi.org/10.5937/crimen2201014W.

Broj časopisa

Sekcija

Članci