Kolonijalni genocidi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5937/crimen2503318RKljučne reči:
kolonizator, starosedelac, istrebljenje, zločin, inkriminacija, konvencija, kvalifikacija, nameraApstrakt
U ovom radu autor se bavi pitanjem opravdanosti i utemeljenosti korišćenja pojma kolonijalni genocidi, mestom i značajem akata istrebljenja koju su kolonijalni osvajači činili prema starosedeocima osvojenih teritorija, kao i odnosom i vezom zlodela kolonizatora prema kolonizovanim narodima sa nacističkim genocidima. Najpre se postavlja pitanje primenjivosti kvalifikacije genocid na dela izvršena vremenski mnogo ranije u odnosu na momenat kada je delo pod tim nazivom inkriminisano. Autor konstatuje da je taj izraz primenjiv u opisnom, fenomenološkom smislu, a da je u pravnom smislu situacija mnogo složenija. U radu se takođe konstatuje da, počevši od samog autora naziva genocid Rafaela Lemkina, različiti autori pojam genocida koriste za širi ili uži krug događaja, tj. da ga shvataju na ekstenzivniji i na restriktivniji način. Autor konstatuje da neki od najgnusnijih zločina koje su kolonijalni osvajači počinili prema starosedeocima ne mogu da budu nazvani genocidom jer im, iako je do fizičkog uništenja značajnog dela starosedelačkih naroda došlo, nedostaje genocidna namera. U radu su iznete i strukturalne sličnosti između nacističkog ekspanzionizma i kolonijalizma, kao i između nacističke genocidne politike, na prvom mestu Holokausta, i kolonijalnih genocida, da bi zatim bio dat prikaz genocida nemačkih kolonizatora nad plemenima Herero i Nama, prvog genocida počinjenog u XX veku, koji se smatra prvim modernim genocidom i nekom vrstom preteče Holokausta.
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