Izostanak ljudskih prava u pravnoj teoriji H. L. A. Harta: kritički osvrt na prirodu prava zasnovanu na ljudskim pravima
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51204/IVRS_25109AKljučne reči:
Ljudska prava, Pravo, Ontološka antropologija, Pravilo priznanja, Materijalna ograničenjaApstrakt
Pravna teorija H. L. A. Harta (H. L. A. Hart) koju je razvio u svom delu „Pojam prava“ razume pravo kao sistem primarnih i sekundarnih pravila, razdvajajući pravo od morala, dok istovremeno prihvata moralne elemente unutar pravila priznanja. Međutim, Hartovo izostavljanje ljudskih prava ograničava relevantnost njegovog okvira za savremenu pravnu filozofiju, posebno u pogledu pravnog legitimiteta u okviru međunarodnog sistema. Ovaj članak kritički razmatra Hartovo pravilo priznanja tako što uključuje ljudska prava u pravni okvir, oslanjajući se na ontološki pristup ljudskim fenomenima, koji zastupa turski filozof Takijedin Mengušoglu (Takiyeddin Mengusoglu). Ističe se da su pravo i ljudska prava međusobno povezana ljudska dostignuća ukorenjena u zajedničkim fenomenološkim osnovama. Ova integracija unapređuje kapacitet pravnog okvira da odgovori na globalne probleme kao što su sukobi, autoritarne države i kršenja prava. Uključivanjem ljudskih prava u pravilo priznanja, ovaj revidirani okvir obezbeđuje zaštitu ljudskih prava i osnažuje pravni legitimitet u uslovima koji se stalno menjaju u međunarodnom kontekstu.
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